Questions on Sigma and Pi Bonds
Multiple-Choice Questions: Sigma and Pi Bonds
1. Which type of bond is always present in a single covalent bond?
A) Pi bond
B) Sigma bond
C) Double bond
D) Triple bond
E) Ionic bond
2. What type of overlap forms a sigma bond?
A) Side-to-side overlap of p orbitals
B) End-to-end overlap of orbitals
C) Overlap of d orbitals
D) Overlap of f orbitals
E) Overlap of nuclei
3. Which of the following bonds is stronger?
A) Sigma bond
B) Pi bond
C) Both are equal
D) Cannot be determined
E) Depends on the molecule
4. How many pi bonds are in a double bond?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
5. How many sigma bonds are present in a triple bond?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
6. Which of the following statements about pi bonds is true?
A) They result from head-on overlap
B) They can rotate freely
C) They are weaker than sigma bonds
D) They occur in single bonds
E) They form from s orbital overlap
7. Which orbitals can participate in sigma bonding?
A) Only s orbitals
B) Only p orbitals
C) Only hybrid orbitals
D) s, p, and hybrid orbitals
E) Only d orbitals
8. A triple bond contains how many sigma and pi bonds?
A) 1 sigma, 1 pi
B) 2 sigma, 1 pi
C) 1 sigma, 2 pi
D) 3 sigma
E) 2 sigma, 2 pi
9. Which molecule contains both sigma and pi bonds?
A) H₂
B) CH₄
C) O₂
D) He
E) NaCl
10. Which of the following bonds restricts rotation around the bond axis?
A) Sigma bond
B) Ionic bond
C) Pi bond
D) Hydrogen bond
E) Coordinate bond
11. Which overlap leads to the formation of a pi bond?
A) End-to-end overlap
B) Side-to-side overlap of p orbitals
C) s-s overlap
D) s-p overlap
E) d-s overlap
12. How many sigma and pi bonds are there in ethene (C₂H₄)?
A) 5 sigma, 1 pi
B) 4 sigma, 2 pi
C) 6 sigma, 1 pi
D) 5 sigma, 2 pi
E) 4 sigma, 1 pi
13. The first bond formed between two atoms is always a:
A) Pi bond
B) Delta bond
C) Hydrogen bond
D) Sigma bond
E) Metallic bond
14. How many total sigma and pi bonds are in ethyne (C₂H₂)?
A) 3 sigma, 2 pi
B) 4 sigma, 2 pi
C) 3 sigma, 3 pi
D) 2 sigma, 3 pi
E) 2 sigma, 2 pi
15. Which bond contributes more to the overall strength of a multiple bond?
A) Pi bond
B) Sigma bond
C) Both equally
D) Neither
E) Depends on elements
16. Which of the following molecules contains a triple bond?
A) HCl
B) CH₄
C) C₂H₂
D) C₂H₆
E) H₂O
17. Which combination will most likely form a pi bond?
A) Two s orbitals
B) One s and one p orbital
C) Two p orbitals side-by-side
D) Two hybrid orbitals
E) One d and one s orbital
18. What is the nature of bonding in the N≡N molecule?
A) 1 sigma and 1 pi bond
B) 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds
C) 2 sigma and 1 pi bond
D) 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds
E) 3 sigma bonds
19. The difference between sigma and pi bonds lies in:
A) The types of atoms involved
B) The types of orbitals used
C) The location of electron density
D) The number of atoms
E) The number of protons
20. Which type of bond lies along the internuclear axis?
A) Pi bond
B) Ionic bond
C) Coordinate bond
D) Sigma bond
E) d–d bond
- Questions on Intermolecular Forces
- Questions on Valence Bond Theory
- Questions on Hybrid Orbitals – sp, sp², sp³
Answers and Explanations
1. B) Sigma bond — Every single bond is a sigma bond.
2. B) End-to-end overlap of orbitals — This is how sigma bonds are formed.
3. A) Sigma bond — Sigma bonds are stronger than pi bonds.
4. B) 1 — A double bond = 1 sigma + 1 pi.
5. B) 1 — A triple bond = 1 sigma + 2 pi.
6. C) They are weaker than sigma bonds — Pi bonds are weaker due to less effective overlap.
7. D) s, p, and hybrid orbitals — All can form sigma bonds through end-to-end overlap.
8. C) 1 sigma, 2 pi — A triple bond has 1 sigma and 2 pi.
9. C) O₂ — Contains a double bond: 1 sigma, 1 pi.
10. C) Pi bond — Pi bonds prevent rotation due to their electron cloud overlap.
11. B) Side-to-side overlap of p orbitals — This is how pi bonds form.
12. A) 5 sigma, 1 pi — Ethene has one double bond (1 sigma, 1 pi) and four single bonds (sigma).
13. D) Sigma bond — The first bond between two atoms is always sigma.
14. A) 3 sigma, 2 pi — Ethyne (C≡C) has a triple bond (1 sigma, 2 pi) plus 2 C–H bonds.
15. B) Sigma bond — Sigma bonds contribute more to bond strength.
16. C) C₂H₂ — Ethyne contains a triple bond.
17. C) Two p orbitals side-by-side — This results in a pi bond.
18. B) 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds — Triple bond in N₂.
19. C) The location of electron density — Sigma: along axis; Pi: above/below axis.
20. D) Sigma bond — Lies directly along internuclear axis.
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