Questions about Detection of Radioactivity
Detection of Radioactivity – Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which device is commonly used to detect radiation?
A) Thermometer
B) Barometer
C) Geiger-Müller counter
D) Voltmeter
E) Microscope
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2. The Geiger-Müller counter detects radiation by measuring:
A) Heat changes
B) Light emission
C) Ionization of gas inside the tube
D) Changes in mass
E) Sound waves
3. Which type of radiation is least penetrating?
A) Alpha
B) Beta
C) Gamma
D) X-rays
E) Neutron
4. What does a scintillation counter detect?
A) Magnetic fields
B) Light flashes from radiation interactions
C) Sound intensity
D) Air pressure
E) Electrical current directly
5. What is the unit used to measure radioactivity?
A) Joule
B) Mole
C) Becquerel
D) Ampere
E) Volt
6. The unit Sievert (Sv) measures:
A) Radiation dose equivalent in terms of biological effect
B) Temperature increase from radiation
C) Speed of radioactive particles
D) Number of decays per second
E) Amount of alpha particles only
7. Which type of detector uses photographic film to record radiation exposure?
A) Geiger counter
B) Dosimeter badge
C) Scintillator
D) Calorimeter
E) Ion chamber
8. What causes the click sound in a Geiger counter?
A) Alpha particle collisions
B) Gas ionization triggering an electrical pulse
C) Radiation heating the sensor
D) Magnetic field change
E) Beta rays striking a microphone
9. What does a cloud chamber allow you to do?
A) See sound waves
B) Visualize radiation particle tracks
C) Measure temperature fluctuations
D) Measure pressure changes
E) Detect color shifts from radiation
10. Which of these is a passive radiation detection method?
A) Geiger-Müller counter
B) Ionization chamber
C) Scintillation detector
D) Film badge
E) Proportional counter
11. Which type of radiation can be stopped by a sheet of paper?
A) Gamma
B) Beta
C) Neutron
D) X-ray
E) Alpha
12. What is used to shield gamma radiation in laboratories?
A) Paper
B) Plastic
C) Lead
D) Wood
E) Rubber
13. What happens inside an ionization chamber?
A) Radiation melts a metal plate
B) Light emission occurs
C) Radiation ionizes gas, producing a current
D) Sound is amplified
E) Beta particles form bubbles
14. What is a limitation of film badges?
A) Cannot detect any radiation
B) Not suitable for gamma rays
C) No record of accumulated dose
D) Must be processed to read results
E) Cannot be worn by workers
15. Which instrument can distinguish between alpha, beta, and gamma radiation based on penetration and energy?
A) Photometer
B) Proportional counter
C) Ammeter
D) Thermometer
E) Compass
16. A dosimeter is typically worn to measure:
A) Air pollution levels
B) Cumulative exposure to radiation
C) Number of red blood cells
D) Heart rate
E) Body temperature
17. In a scintillation detector, the scintillator material emits:
A) Sound
B) Heat
C) Light
D) Electricity
E) Radiation
18. Which of the following is not a radiation detection method?
A) Scintillation counting
B) Cloud chamber
C) Bubble chamber
D) Manometer
E) Ionization chamber
19. What is the main function of a photomultiplier tube in radiation detection?
A) To cool down the detector
B) To accelerate particles
C) To amplify light signals into electrical signals
D) To convert sound into visuals
E) To increase radiation exposure
20. Which radiation detection method is best for low-energy beta radiation?
A) Lead plate
B) Cloud chamber
C) Film badge
D) Scintillation counter
E) Barometer
Answer Key with Extended Explanations
1. C – The Geiger-Müller (GM) counter is a common radiation detector.
2. C – GM counters measure ionization of gas by radiation to detect its presence.
3. A – Alpha particles are the least penetrating and can be stopped by paper or skin.
4. B – A scintillation counter uses special materials that emit light when struck by radiation.
5. C – Radioactivity is measured in becquerels (Bq), representing one disintegration per second.
6. A – The sievert measures radiation dose in terms of biological effects on tissues.
7. B – Film badge dosimeters track exposure using photographic film.
8. B – Radiation ionizes gas in a GM counter, causing clicks when electric pulses are triggered.
9. B – Cloud chambers allow visualization of radiation particle tracks through condensed vapor trails.
10. D – Film badges are passive detectors worn to record exposure over time.
11. E – Alpha particles are stopped by materials as thin as paper.
12. C – Dense materials like lead are used to block gamma radiation.
13. C – Radiation causes gas in the chamber to ionize, generating measurable current.
14. D – Film badges must be developed to view the radiation exposure results.
15. B – Proportional counters can differentiate radiation types by measuring their energy levels.
16. B – Dosimeters monitor and record cumulative radiation exposure.
17. C – Scintillators emit light when struck by radiation; this light is measured.
18. D – A manometer measures pressure, not radiation.
19. C – Photomultiplier tubes amplify weak light signals for detection.
20. D – Scintillation counters are effective for detecting low-energy beta particles.
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