Questions on Condensation Reactions (Organic Chemistry)
20 multiple-choice questions on Condensation Reactions in Organic Chemistry, each with five answer choices (A–E). The correct answers with extended explanations are provided at the end.
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Multiple Choice Questions: Condensation Reactions (Organic Chemistry)
1. What characterizes a condensation reaction?
A) Addition of hydrogen across a double bond
B) Combination of molecules with the elimination of a small molecule
C) Substitution of a halogen for hydrogen
D) Breaking of carbon-carbon bonds
E) Rearrangement of atoms without bond changes
2. Which of the following small molecules is commonly eliminated in a condensation reaction?
A) CO₂
B) CH₄
C) H₂O
D) O₂
E) Cl₂
3. What is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol in a condensation reaction?
A) Amide
B) Ester
C) Ether
D) Aldehyde
E) Ketone
4. What type of condensation reaction occurs between two amino acids?
A) Alkylation
B) Esterification
C) Peptide bond formation
D) Halogenation
E) Hydrolysis
5. Which of the following best describes esterification?
A) Condensation reaction forming an ether
B) Substitution reaction of an alcohol with water
C) Condensation reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid
D) Addition of water to a double bond
E) Elimination of hydrogen
6. Which catalyst is typically used in esterification reactions?
A) NaOH
B) HCl
C) H₂SO₄
D) KOH
E) NH₃
7. What is the main by-product of a typical esterification reaction?
A) Oxygen
B) Hydrogen
C) Water
D) Carbon monoxide
E) Hydroxide
8. What type of bond is formed during peptide bond formation?
A) C–C single bond
B) C–N amide bond
C) O–H bond
D) N–H bond
E) C=C double bond
9. What functional groups are involved in the formation of an amide via condensation?
A) Alcohol and ether
B) Amine and alcohol
C) Carboxylic acid and amine
D) Ketone and aldehyde
E) Alkene and acid
10. Which reaction type is the reverse of a condensation reaction?
A) Addition
B) Substitution
C) Oxidation
D) Hydrolysis
E) Polymerization
11. What distinguishes condensation polymerization from addition polymerization?
A) Only uses unsaturated monomers
B) No by-product formed
C) Small molecule like water is eliminated in condensation
D) Requires radicals
E) Occurs only with alkenes
12. Which of the following is a product of condensation polymerization?
A) Polyethene
B) Polyvinyl chloride
C) Polyester
D) Polystyrene
E) Polyisoprene
13. Which pair of monomers can form a polyester through condensation?
A) Dicarboxylic acid and diol
B) Alkene and alkyne
C) Alcohol and aldehyde
D) Amine and alkane
E) Ether and ketone
14. Which of the following is a necessary condition for condensation polymerization?
A) Presence of radicals
B) Elimination of water or other small molecule
C) UV light
D) Free electrons
E) Basic pH
15. What happens in a Claisen condensation?
A) Two esters react to form a β-keto ester
B) Alcohol reacts with carboxylic acid
C) Two alkenes join together
D) Halogen replaces hydroxyl group
E) Amine and aldehyde form amide
16. In biological systems, condensation reactions are important in:
A) Protein hydrolysis
B) Lipid breakdown
C) Formation of DNA and proteins
D) Combustion of glucose
E) Cell respiration
17. What functional group results from a condensation between a carboxylic acid and an amine?
A) Alcohol
B) Ketone
C) Ester
D) Amide
E) Ether
18. What is typically required for ester hydrolysis (reverse of condensation)?
A) Acid or base and water
B) Light and heat
C) Alcohol and oxidizer
D) Ammonia and heat
E) NaCl and acid
19. Which biological macromolecule is formed through condensation reactions?
A) Water
B) Lipids
C) Proteins
D) Oxygen
E) Monosaccharides
20. What is a common characteristic of condensation polymers?
A) Formed by radical addition
B) Contain only carbon and hydrogen
C) Include functional groups like ester or amide bonds
D) Do not involve elimination
E) Are always aromatic
- Questions about Substitution Reactions (Organic Chemistry)
- Questions on Addition Reactions (Organic Chemistry)
- Questions on Oxidation Reactions (Organic Chemistry)
✅ Answer Key with Extended Explanations
1. B – Condensation involves joining of two molecules with the elimination of a small molecule (e.g., H₂O).
2. C – Water is the most common molecule eliminated in condensation reactions.
3. B – A carboxylic acid and alcohol form an ester and water in esterification.
4. C – Amino acids link via peptide bonds through condensation.
5. C – Esterification is a condensation reaction between alcohol and acid.
6. C – Concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) acts as a catalyst and dehydrating agent.
7. C – The by-product of esterification is water.
8. B – Peptide bonds are C–N amide bonds.
9. C – Amine + Carboxylic acid → Amide + Water in condensation.
10. D – Hydrolysis breaks down compounds formed by condensation.
11. C – Condensation polymerization eliminates small molecules like water.
12. C – Polyesters are formed by condensation (e.g., PET).
13. A – Diols and dicarboxylic acids form polyesters.
14. B – Condensation requires elimination of small molecules.
15. A – Claisen condensation: two esters → β-keto ester.
16. C – DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides are built by condensation reactions.
17. D – Carboxylic acid + Amine → Amide.
18. A – Hydrolysis of esters requires water + acid/base catalyst.
19. C – Proteins are formed by condensation of amino acids.
20. C – Condensation polymers often contain ester or amide functional groups.
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